루카스 크라나흐(Lucas Cranach) ②

루카스 크라나흐(Lucas Cranach) ② <1472년~1553년> 독일의 화가     생애 프랑켄 지방의 크로나흐에서 태어났다. 초기의 크라나흐는 알브레히트 알트도르퍼와 볼프 후버 등과 이른바 도나우파(派)의 일각을 형성하고, 독일의 산림 풍경을 신선하고 서정적으로 그렸으며, 또 동시에 마티아스 그뤼네발트를 생각케 하는 표현주의적 색채가 농후하고 극적인 박력이 넘치는 작품을 남기고 있다.(전자의 예로서 베를린의 다렘 미술관 소장인 <이집트 도피 徐中의 휴식>, 후자의 예는 뮌헨의 알테 피나코테크 소장의 <십자가의 그리스도>를 들 수 있다)   1505년 비텐베르크에 이사한 그는 커다란 아틀리에를 차리고, 우미한 여성의 나체상과 신화화(神話畵)를 많이 그렸으며, 루터나 기타 저명인사의 초상화에도 걸작이 많다. 1537~1544년에 걸쳐 그곳 시장(市長)을 지냈던 그는 사회적으로 존경을 받았으며, 또한 루터의 종교개혁을 열렬하게 지지하기도 하였고, 만년에 가서는 바이마르의 궁정화가로 지내다가 1553년 거기에서 운명하였다. 또 이름이 같은 그의 아들(1515~1586)도 화가로서 부친의 조수·후계자가 되어 활약하였다.     Adam and Eve 1508-10 / Oil and tempera on red beechwood, 139 x 54 cm (each) Musee des Beaux-Arts et d'Archeologie, Besancon   Adam and Eve 1528 / Oil on wood, 172 x 63 cm and 167 x 61 cm Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence   Adam and Eve 1533 / Oil and tempera on red beechwood, 51 x 35 cm Staatliche Museen, Berlin   Adam and Eve Panel Musees Royaux des Beaux-Arts, Brussels   Allegory of Melancholy 1532 / Oil and tempera on wood, 77 x 56 cm Musee d'Unterlinden, Colmar   Apollo and Diana c. 1526 / Oil and tempera on beechwood, 85 x 57 cm Royal Collection, London   Apostles Peter and Paul c. 1515 / Oil and tempera on limewood, 27 x 18 cm (each) Private collection   Beheading of John the Baptist 1515 / Oil and tempera on limewood, 85 x 58 cm Archbishop's Palace, Kromiøi?   Beheading of John the Baptist (detail) 1515 / Oil and tempera on limewood Archbishop's Palace, Kromiøi?   Beheading of St Catherine 1515 / Oil and tempera on limewood, 85 x 58 cm Archbishop's Palace, Kromiøi?   Cardinal Albrecht of Brandenburg as St Jerome in a Landscape 1527 / Wood Staatliche Museen, Berlin   Cardinal Albrecht of Brandenburg as St Jerome in His Study 1525 / Oil and tempera on limewood, 117 x 78 cm Hessisches Landesmuseum, Darmstadt   Cardinal Albrecht of Brandenburg as St Jerome in His Study 1526 / Oil and tempera on wood, 115 x 79 cm Ringling Museum of Art, Sarasota   Christ and the Virgin Mary (or Mary Magdalen) 1515-20 / Oil and tempera on parchment laid down on oak, 34 x 53 cm Schlossmuseum, Gotha   Christ at the Column, Adored by Saints 1515 / Oil and tempera on limewood, 60 x 52 cm Gemaldegalerie, Dresden   Donor Portraits of Frederick the Wise and John the Steadfast c. 1515 / Oil and tempera on pinewood, 64 x 49 cm (each) Kunstsammlungen der Veste Coburg, Coburg   Crucifix 1510-15 / Oil and tempera on limewood, 42 x 28 cm Stadelsches Kunstinstitut, Frankfurt   Crucifixion 1503 / Pine panel, 138 x 99 cm Alte Pinakothek, Munich   Generalised Portrait of a Woman c. 1525 / Oil and tempera on red beechwood, 38 x 27 cm National Gallery, London   Housealtar of Count William II of Hessen c. 1508 / Panel, 38 x 25 cm (central), 39 x 10 cm (each wing) Staatliche Museen, Kassel   Judith Dining with Holofernes 1531 / Oil and tempera on limewood, 99 x 73 cm Schlossmuseum, Gotha     Ill-Matched Couple: Young Widow and Old Man 1525-30 / Oil and tempera on wood, 79 x 58 cm Musee des Beaux-Arts et d'Archeologie, Besancon Adam and Eve Panel Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Antwerp Caritas (Charity) 1534 / Oil and tempera on wood Museum zu Allerheiligen, Schaffhausen Charity Oil on panel, 50 x 34 cm Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Antwerp David and Bathsheba 1526 / Oil and tempera on res beechwood, 36 x 24 cm Staatliche Museen, Berlin 1 Adam and Eve c. 1538 / Panel Narodni Galerie, Prague A Prince of Saxony 1517 / Oil and tempera on limewood, 44 x 34 cm National Gallery of Art, Washington A Princess of Saxony 1517 / Oil and tempera on limewood, 43 x 34 cm National Gallery of Art, Washington Cupid Complaining to Venus 1526-27 / Oil on wood, 81 x 55 cm National Gallery, London Apollo and Diana c. 1530 / Oil and tempera on wood, 45 x 31 cm Musees Royaux des Beaux-Arts, Brussels Beheading of John the Baptist c. 1509 / Woodcut Staatliche Museen, Berlin Beheading of John the Baptist c. 1513 / Woodcut Staatliche Museen, Berlin Altar wing (left, inner side) c. 1537 / Wood Cathedral, Naumburg Altar wing (right, inner side) c. 1537 / Wood Cathedral, Naumburg A Faun and his Family with a Slain Lion c. 1526 / Oil and tempera on wood, 83 x 56 cm J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Adam and Eve 1531 / Lime wood, 170 x 70 cm Gemaldegalerie, Dresden Allegory of Melancholy 1528 / Oil and tempera on wood, 113 x 72 cm National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh Adam and Eve 1509 / Woodcut, 387 x 232 mm National Gallery of Art, Washington